Yakut-Sakha SSR

DOCUMENT: YAKUT.TXT D E C L A R A T I O N             ON STATE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE YAKUT-SAKHA SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLIC The Supreme Soviet of the Yakut autonomous Soviet socialist Republic, NOTING that the status of an autonomous republic limits its sovereign rights, does not conform to the fundamental principles of a rule-of-law state and has become an obstacle to the socio-economic development of the republic; - CONSIDERING the republic as an equal-in-rights subject of the RSFSR and the USSR, - AWARE of its historical responsibility for the fate of the multi-national people of the republic, - RESPECTING sovereign rights of all peoples within the RSFSR and the USSR, standing for the renewal of the Russian soviet Federated socialist Republic and the union of Soviet socialist Republics, - ACTING in accordance with the principles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and universally recognized international legal acts, - EXPRESSING the interests and the will of all peoples of the republic to self-determination, socio-economic progress, cultural revival, raising of living standards, proclaims the state sovereignty of Yakutia and transforms it into the Yakut-Sakha soviet socialist Republic. ARTICLE 1 The Yakut-Sakha Soviet Socialist Republic is a sovereign socialist state forming a part of the renewed RSFSR, created historically by the peoples living in its territory under extreme conditions of the North, and in accordance with the principle of self-determination on the bases of a free expression of the will of its citizens. The bearers of sovereignty and the source of State power in the Yakut-sakha SSR are its people consisting of citizens of the republic of all nationalities. The people shall effectuate state power on the basis of the Constitution of the Yakut-sakha SSR directly as well as through representative agencies - soviets of people's deputies. No political party, public organization, other groups or individuals have the right to speak in the name of the people. The Yakut-Sakha SSR shall conclude a federative treaty with other equal-in-rights subjects and participate together with other republics in the Treaty of the union. The Yakut-Sakha SSR shall possess the entirety of State power on its territory except for the powers which are transferred voluntarily in accordance with the treaty to the jurisdiction of the RsFsR and the USSR and effectuated with its participation. ARTICLE 2 The Constitution of the Yakut-Sakha SSR respecting the Constitution of the RSFSR and the Constitution of the USSR shall possess the right of supremacy throughout the territory of the republic. The separation of legislative, executive and judicial power at the level of the supreme soviet of the Yakut-sakha SSR shall be a constitutional principle of state functioning of the republic. The laws of the RSFSR and the USSR adopted in accordance with the powers voluntarily transferred to their jurisdiction, shall possess the supreme juridical power on the territory of the Yakut-sakha SSR. The effect of the acts of the RsFSR and the USSR not contrary to the sovereign rights of the people of the republic shall be suspended by the supreme soviet of the republic. Disagreements between the Yakut-sakha SSR, the RSFSR and the USSR in such cases shall be considered in the procedure established by the Federative Treaty and the Treaty of the union. ARTICLE 3 The Yakut-Sakha SSR shall have its own citizenship and protect honour, dignity, health, legitimate interests of its citizens within the territory of the republic as well as beyond its limits. Equal rights and freedoms stipulated by the universal Declaration of Human Rights, the constitutions of the RSFSR, USSR and the Yakut-Sakha SSR shall be guaranteed to all citizens and stateless persons residing on the territory of the republic. The Yakut-Sakha SSR shall decide autonomously questions in the domain of legislation on the use of languages, the development of culture and education. The Yakut and Russian languages shall be established as state languages. ARTICLE 4 The Yakut-Sakha SSR shall guarantee to the national minorities of the North of Yakutia preservation of their indigenous human environment, self-government, political and legal equality by means of creating national-territorial formations, setting conditions necessary for their national, economic, cultural and language revival. The republic recognizes the languages of the national minorities of the North as official languages on their territory. ARTICLE 5 The economic system of the Yakut-sakha SSR shall be based on diverse forms of ownership including private and intellectual property. Land, its minerals, water, forests, flora and fauna, other natural resources, air space and the continental shelf on the territory of the republic shall be its exclusive property. ownership of production means and labour results shall be determined and regulated on the basis of the Federative and Union Treaties and the Yakut-sakha legislation. All enterprises organization SSR and agencies situated on the territory of the republic, except for those which are specified in the treaties with the RSFSR and the USSR shall be under the jurisdiction of the Yakut-sakha SsR. Enterprises located on the territory on the Yakut-Sakha SSR shall pay for natural and labour resources, make currency deductions, pay taxes to the budget. ARTICLE 6 The territory of the Yakut-Sakha SSR shall be integral and may not be changed or used without the consent of the supreme soviet of the Republic. Local Soviets being agencies of State power on their territory shall be authorized to decide questions relegated to their competence, participate in the discussion of the problems of the republican, federative and all union importance. ARTICLE 7 The Yakut-Sakha SSR shall enter into direct economic and other relations with other subjects of the Federation, autonomously establish direct economic and cultural contacts with foreign states. The republic shall raise its own currency fund, the size of which shall be specified by the treaties with the RSFSR and the USSR. Foreign economic activities of all enterprises and agencies situated on the territory of the republic, basing on the use of its property and natural wealth, shall be regulated irrespective of their subordination, by the legislation of the Yakut-sakha SSR. ARTICLE 8 The Yakut-Sakha SSR shall autonomously establish the procedure of organization of the environment protection and rational use of natural resources on its territory, participate in realization of the government ecological programmes of the RSFSR and the USSR. ARTICLE 9 The Yakut-Sakha SSR shall have the right to self-determination of its national-state organization on the basis of a free expression of  the will of Yakutia citizens, decide autonomously the questions of its administrative-territorial division. ARTICLE 10 The Yakut-Sakha SSR stands for the renewal and consistent perfection of the soviet federation as a union of sovereign socialist states. No one should make use of the legitimate striving of Yakutia citizens for its political and economic independence as a sovereign state arousing discord between nations, hostility and conflicts, but it should be used exclusively with the purpose of harmonization of relations between nations and realization of their equal rights on the grounds of internationalism and friendship of the peoples. The Yakut-Sakha SSR shall guarantee to all citizens, political parties, public organizations, mass movements and religious organizations functioning within the framework of the Yakut-sakha SSR constitution equal legal possibilities to participate in the administration of state and social affairs. ARTICLE 11 The present Declaration shall be the basis for the working out of a new constitution of the Yakut-sakha SSR, the conclusion of a treaty with the RSFSR and a Treaty of the Union, the improvement of republic legislation. Adopted by the second session of the supreme soviet of the Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. City of Yakutsk September 27, 1990 -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ::    -= THE FOURTH WORLD DOCUMENTATION PROJECT =-      :: ::                A service provided by                 :: ::       The Center For World Indigenous Studies        :: ::                     www.cwis.org                     :: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Originating at the Center for World Indigenous Studies, Olympia, Washington USA www.cwis.org  Â© 1999 Center for World Indigenous Studies (All Rights Reserved. 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